(i) when each has the wind on a different the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel
side, the vessel which has the wind on within the meaning of these Rules or
the port side shall keep out of the way relieve her of the duty of keeping clear
of the other; of the overtaken vessel until she is finally
(ii)when both have the wind on the same past and clear.
side, the vessel which is to windward
Rule 14: Head-on Situation
shall keep out of the way of the vessel
which is to leeward;
(a) When two power-driven vessels are meet-
(iii)if a vessel with the wind on the port
ing on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal
side sees a vessel to windward and can-
courses so as to involve risk of collision,
not determine with certainty whether
each shall alter her course to starboard
the other vessel has the wind on the
so that each shall pass on the port side of
port or on the starboard side, she shall
the other
keep out of the way of the other.
(b) For the purposes of this Rule the wind-
ward side shall be deemed to be the side
opposite to that on which the mainsail is
carried or, in the case of a square-rigged
vessel, the side opposite to that on which
the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried.
Rule 13: Overtaking
(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in
the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II, any
o
ad
vessel overtaking any other shall keep out
of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
Figure 4 When two power-driven vessels
(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtak-
converge on reciprocal courses, the proper
ing when coming up with another vessel
maneuver is to alter course to starboard and
f
the R
from a direction more than 22.5 degrees
pass portside-to-portside.
abaft her beam; that is, in such a position
(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to ex-
ist when a vessel sees the other ahead or
ules o
with reference to the vessel she is over-
R
taking, that at night she would be able to
nearly ahead and by night she could see
see only the stern light of that vessel but
the masthead lights of the other in a line
neither of her sidelights.
or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights
and by day she observes the correspond-
ing aspect of the other vessel.
(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to wheth-
ules
er such a situation exists, she shall assume
R
that it does exist and act accordingly.
Rule 15: Crossing Situation
When two power-driven vessels are cross-
ing so as to involve risk of collision, the ves-
sel which has the other on her own starboard
side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the
Figure 3 An overtaking vessel is one that is
circumstances of the case admit, avoid cross-
coming upon another vessel from a direction
ing ahead of the other vessel.
more than 22.5
º
abaft its beam, and is there-
fore obliged to keep out of the way of the
vessel being passed.
(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to
whether she is overtaking another, she
shall assume that this is the case and act
accordingly.
(d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing
between the two vessels shall not make
861