... and Housing

Buildings are responsible for more than 40 per cent of energy use in OECD countries and at a global level they account for about 30 per cent of GHG emissions according to UNEP’s Sustainable Building and Construction Initiative. In absolute terms the amount is rising fast as construction continues apace, especially in rapidly developing countries. Heating, cooling and lighting our homes and using household appliances absorbs 11 per cent of global energy. Yet the average UK household could save around two tonnes of CO2 annually by making its home energy-efficient; in essence, improve

"The World Business Council for Sustainable Development’s Energy Efficiency in Buildings (EEB) project concludes that by cutting energy use in buildings by about 30 per cent, Europe’s energy consumption would fall by 11 per cent, more than half of the 20-20-20 target (20 per cent less carbon dioxide by 2020, with 20 per cent renewables in the energy mix). What is more, it saves money."

insulation, heating systems and lighting.

Construction in itself affects GHG emissions. Cement for example is a

"The cement industry contributes about 5 per cent to global anthropogenic CO2 emissions, making it an important target for CO2 emission mitigation strategies. Whereas concrete can be recycled by crushing it and using it to replace gravel in road construction, cement has no viable recycling potential; each new road and building needs new cement. In booming economies from Asia to Eastern Europe new construction is both a driver and a consequence of increasing wealth, which is also why about 80 per cent of all cement is made and used in emerging economies."

high-emission construction material, whereas wood is renewable and thus climate-friendly. But be careful: there’s good wood and not-so-good wood. If a forest has to be cut down to build your house and is not re-established afterwards, additional CO2 will be emitted, just as with concrete (that goes for furniture as well).

Agriculture

Agriculture is an important contributor to climate change with GHG emissions comparable in volume to the transport sector. First, there is the carbon emitted from tilling and deforestation. Then there is the use of fossil fuels in fertiliser production and other agricultural chemicals, for farm machinery in

38 KICK THE HABIT THE PROBLEM