The A to Z of Anatomical Histological and Medical terms
A adrenergic: adj. Gk. ergon = work, stimuli which cause the
B
adrenal (suprarenal) gland to produce adrenaline. A term used to
specify neurons or pathways which use adrenaline as a
C transmitter.
Adrenal cortex (ah-DREE-nal KOR-teks) the outer region of the
D
adrenal glands, located superior to each kidney. It secretes steroid Hs,
E
including glucocorticoids & mineralocorticoids.
Adrenal glands two endocrine glands, each situated superior to a
F
kidney, (also = suprarenal glands).
G
Adrenal medulla the inner region of the adrenal glands, which
secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine (also adrenaline
H
noradrenalin).
I
Adventitia (ahd’-ven-TISH-yah) the outermost covering of an organ or
tissue (see Serosa, Tunica Externa).
J af- near, toward, addition to
afferent: adj.Lt. af = to, and ferent = carrying (cf. ferry), hence,
K
carrying to, e.g., axons carrying information from retina to
L
lateral geniculate nucleus are afferents to that nucleus.
ag- near, toward, addition to
M
agger nasi: Lt. = eminence of the nose.
N
agonist: Gk. agonistes = rival, hence, a muscle in apparent
contest with another, (a prime mover). adj.- anlagonist.
O
Ala (AY-lar) referring to the wing or flattened part of a bone
P
particularly if there are other shapes in the bone which are not wide
and flat as in the Sphenoid or the inominate / hip.
Q ala: Lt. wing, hence a wing-like process; pl. - alae.
alaeque: Lt. ala = wing (ala of nose), suffix -que = and, hence
R
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscles = lifter of the
S
upper lip and ala of nose.
alb- white
T
alba: Lt. albus = white
U
albicans: Lt. = becoming white; albus = white
albuginea: Lt. albus = white, Gk. gen = form, like boiled white of
V
an egg.
W
alimentary: adj.Lt. alimentum = food, e.g., alimentary canal.
all- other, different, abnormal
X allantois: Gk. allantos = sausage, eidos = like, form.
allo- other, different, abnormal,
Y
Alpha cell a type of cell in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans that
Z
secretes the H glucagon.
69 © A. L. Neill
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