The A to Z of Anatomical Histological and Medical terms
Nervous tissue a tissue that consists of two generalized cell types,
A
neurons and neuroglia. Neurons are specialized to initiate action
B
potentials and conduct them at high speeds. Neuroglia provide
numerous supportive functions, they are the CT cells of the CNS. C
Nerve trunk a combination of nerves that are secured together by
epineurium to form a thickened cord of NT.
D
neur- nerve
E
neural: adj.Gk. neuron = nerve adj. neurium.
Neurilemma (noo’-rih-LEHM-ah) the outer layer of a myelin sheath
F
associated with a nerve fiber that contains the nucleus and much of
G
the cytoplasm of a Schwann cell.
Neurocranium (new-ROH-kray-NEE-uhm) the part of the skull which
H
houses the brain.
Neuroglia (new’-ROHG-lee-ah) supportive cells of the NS that are
I
most prevalent in the brain and spinal cord. (sing. = pl. ) J
neuroglia: Gk. neuron = nerve, and glia = glue; the CT of the
CNS adj. neuroglial.
K
Neurohypophysis: also = the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It
L
is composed of NT and is connected to the hypothalamus of the brain
by the narrow stalk, the infundibulum. The neurohypophysis receives
M
two hormones released by neurons in the hypothalamus, oxytocin and
N
antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
neurohypophysis: or posterior lobe of hypophysis - Gk. hypo =
O
down, and physis = growth; hence, the posterior part of the
hypophysis evaginated downwards from the diencephalon, and its
P
stalk. Q
neurolemma: Gk. neuron = nerve, and lemma = peel or rind;
hence, the covering layer of a nerve.
R
Neuromuscular junction (new’-ro-MUHS-kyoo-lawr JUHNK-shuhn)
S
the area of contact b/n the terminal end of a motor neuron and the
sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle fiber.
T
Neuron (NEW-ron) a cell of NT characterized by its specialization to
U
conduct impulses (conductivity).
neuron: Gk. = nerve; refers to the nerve cell body, with its axon
V
and dendrites; adj- neuronal.
Neurosecretory (new’-roh-seh-KREE-tor-ee) cells Neurons that
W
extend from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary X
gland and secrete the hormones oxytocin (OT) and antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Y
Z
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