The A to Z of Anatomical Histological and Medical terms
A
B
S
C
sac: Lt. saccus = a sack.
saccule: Lt. sacculus, diminutive of saccus.
D
sacrum: Lt. sacer = sacred (probably considered so because of its
E
size).
Sagittal (SAJ-ih-tal) a vertical plane that divides the body into right
F and left portions, & includes the midsagittal/median sagittal plane
(dividing into equal halves) and the parasagittal plane (dividing into
G
unequal portions).
H
sagittal: adj. Lt. sagitta = arrow, because the sagittal suture is
notched posteriorly, like an arrow, by the lambdoid sutures.
I
Salivary (SAHL-ih-vahr-ee) gland one of several exocrine glands in
J
the facial region that secrete saliva into the mouth to initiate the
digestive process.
K
salivary: adj. Lt. saliva = spit.
L
salping- tube
salpinx: Gk. = trumpet; the uterine or auditory tubes, each of
M which is trumpet-shaped.
saphenous: adj. Gk. saphenes = obviously visible. The saphenous
N
veins become obvious when varicose.
O
Sarcolemma (sar’-ko-LEHM-ah) the plasma membrane covering the
outer surface of a muscle fiber.
P
Sarcomere (SAR-ko-meer) a contractile microscopic subunit of
Q
striated muscle (skeletal and cardiac muscle).
Sarcoplasm (SAHR-ko-plahzm) the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber.
R Sarcoplasmic reticulum (sahr’-koh-PLAHZ-mihk reh-TIHK-yew-
S
luhm) a cellular organelle found only in muscle cells that stores
calcium ions, and is similar in structure to the endoplasmic reticulum
T found in other cells. (see also endoplasmic reticulum).
sartorius: Lt. = tailor:, sartorius muscles, when contracted
U
produce the tailor’s posture; squatting.
V
scalene: adj. Gk. skalenos = uneven, hence a triangle with
unequal sides, a description of the scalenus anterior and scalenus
W
medius muscles.
X
scaphoid: adj. Gk. skaphe = skiff, and eidos = shape or form;
hence the carpal bone which is hollowed out on its distal surface
Y for the head of the capitate; also the fossa occupied by tensor veli
palatine muscle.
Z
139 © A. L. Neill
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