The A to Z of Anatomical Histological and Medical terms
A
onycho- to do with finger and toenails (onee-koh)
B
Oocyte (O-ah-site) A gamete produced within an ovary. (also = ovum
or egg).
C operculum: Lt. = lid or cover; operculum insulae, the cerebral
cortex covering & hiding the insula
D
ophthalmic: adj.Gk. ophthalmos = eye.
E
opponens: Lt. = placing against, opposing.
oppose: Lt. oppositum = put against; hence, to resist or place in
F
contact with
G
optic: adj. Gk. optos = seen; hence, pertaining to sight.
Optic disk the area on the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye
H
and contains no rod or cone cells. (also = the blind spot).
I
or- ora- mouth
ora: Lt. ora = margin or edge.
J ora serrata: Lt. ora = margin, and serra = saw; the serrated
anterior edge of the retina.
K
oral: Lt. oris = a mouth, hence, pertaining to the mouth.
L
orbit: Lt. orbis = circle; the name given to the bony socket in
which the eyeball rotates; adj - orbital.
M
Organ (OR-gan) an organized combination of two or more different
N
types of tissues which performs a general function.
Organ of Corti (KOR-ti) the structure within the inner ear that
O contains receptor cells sensitive to sound vibrations.
P
Organelle (or-gan-EHL) a component of a cell that has a consistent,
similar structure in other cells and performs a particular function.
Q orifice: Lt. orificium = opening.
ortho- straight straightening (or-thoh)
R
ortho Gk. orthos = straight combining form meaning straight,
S
normal, correct
os, oris: Lt. os = mouth; pl. - ora, adj. - oral.
T
os, ossis: Lt. os = bone; pl. - ossa, adj. - osseous.
U
-osis condition of
Osseous (OS-ee-uhs) pertaining to bone.
V
ossicle: Lt. ossiculus, diminutive of os = bone.
W
ossify: Lt. os = bone, and facio = make; to form bone; and
ossification, the process of forming bone
X Osteoblast (OS-tee-o-blahst’) a type of bone cell characterized by its
mobility, its ability to divide and to produce bone matrix.
Y
Osteoclast (OS-tee-o-klahst’) a type of bone cell characterized by its
Z
ability to dissolve bone matrix.
Osteocyte (OS-tee-o-site’) a type of bone cell characterized by its
123 © A. L. Neill
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