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Biometrics
Voice Analysis technology would be used to detect changes
“
...not even a vindaloo can
7 E I N V I T E Y O U T O S E C U R E Y O U R P L A C E A T
Voice analysis is the study of speech in back-scattered light shone on a nail, which
sounds for the purposes of recognition. would result in a map being produced that ) # 4 S T H ) N T E R N A T I O N A L # O N F E R E N C E
The acoustic patterns found within an hide an individual’s could be expressed as a numerical code for
individual’s voice have both anatomic (size analysis; for instance, the individual would get
and shape of mouth, throat and vocal personal scent odour. This to a checkpoint where they would have to
7 O R L D 3 U M M I T F O R # O U N T E R
4 E R R O R I S M
chords), and behavioural (pitch, accent, insert their finger into a reader. There has not
speaking style) properties. It’s a technology means that in future, been any large-scale research into this
that’s some forty years old, and has method however, and currently it all seems
4 E R R O R I S M S ' L O B A L ) M P A C T
branched off in several different directions. unique biologically-based rather pie in the sky.
Broadly though, there are two major
applications of this technology – ‘odourprints’ could become A Combined Approach?
- O N D A Y
4 H U R S D A Y 3 E P T E M B E R n
verification and authentication. Voice Along with DNA profiling and
) N T E R D I S C I P L I N A R Y # E N T E R ) $ # ( E R Z L I Y A ) S R A E L
verification is usually used to provide a reliable form of ID...” fingerprinting, the technologies
access to a system, such as telephone discussed above are being developed as
banking. Typically, this would operate given moment, based solely on the separate entities. Many industry
with the individual’s knowledge, requiring properties of his or her voice. The forecasters see a combined approach as
their co-operation. However, voice technology detects minute, involuntary the only feasible option to tightening up
identification systems can also be used changes in the voice reflective of various aviation security. Individually, none of the
covertly without the person’s knowledge, types of brain activity. By utilising a wide technologies are entirely reliable, but
in order to identify talkers in a crowd and range spectrum analysis to detect minute combined could prove to be vital in
to alert a system of voice changes. changes in the speech waveform, LVA counter-terror methods.
One of the advantages to this detects anomalies in brain activity and For example, by using multiple
technology is that it’s seen as non- classifies them in terms of stress, technologies such as gait analysis, and
invasive, usually using microphones and excitement, deception, and varying face recognition alongside the more
voice transmission technologies. It could emotional states, accordingly. The traditional fingerprint and X-ray
therefore allow recognition over long information that is gathered is then technologies, people in airports / V E R T O P D E C I S I O N
M A K E R S D E F E N C E I N T E L L I G E N C E A N D P O L I C E O F l C I A L S P R O M I N E N T A C A D E M I C
distances, using the internet, or even processed and analysed to reveal the displaying a genuine terrorist threat
S C H O L A R S A N D S E C U R I T Y I N D U S T R Y L E A D E R S F R O M C O U N T R I E S T O O K P A R T I N L A S T Y E A R S C O N F E R E N C E
simple telephone technology. It does speaker’s current state of mind. could be identified and then channelled
have several disadvantages too though, in certain directions. The criminal –
4 H I S Y E A R M A N Y O F T H E M W I L L B E J O I N E D B Y H U N D R E D S O F N E W P A R T I C I P A N T S F R O M A R O U N D T H E
including the problem of ambient noise Emerging Technologies whether already a felon or somebody G L O B E I N T H E 7 O R L D 3 U M M I T S F O U R D A Y S O F P R O F E S S I O N A L L E C T U R E S W O R K S H O P S A N D D I S C U S S I O N S
obstructing the collection of a good One of the least-tested forms of biometrics displaying intent – would become the
enough voice sample. And, a person’s is odour recognition, which is being studied exception, whereas ordinary passengers
voice can change over time for several to see if sensors can tell people apart by the would be able to travel more easily and
) F Y O U W A N T T O M E E T K E Y D E C I S I O N M A K E R S I N T H E l E L D S O F # O U N T E R
4 E R R O R I S M A N D
reasons, including aging, illness or injury. way they smell. Apparently, not even a without too much interference. A ( O M E L A N D 3 E C U R I T Y
One of the more controversial branches vindaloo can hide an individual’s personal combined system involving identification,
of voice analysis is ‘voice stress analysis’ scent odour. This means that in future, verification and the recording of intent
or VSA. This works by measuring "micro- unique biologically-based ‘odourprints’ would be the desirable scenario. In fact,
) F Y O U W A N T T O I N T E R A C T W I T H G O V E R N M E N T D E F E N C E A N D P O L I C E O F l C I A L S W H O D E A L
changes" to the frequency of the human could become a reliable form of it could prove useful in any situation W I T H T E R R O R I S M
voice. Computer software then analyses identification. However, this technology is in where there’s a large concentration of
the likelihood that the individual who is its earliest stages, and so far, the expensive people, such as the World Cup.
speaking is being deceptive. It is a hardware required has not been tested Slowly but surely, combined systems are
) F Y O U W A N T T O L E A R N A B O U T C U T T I N G
E D G E R E S E A R C H N E W O P E R A T I O N A L P R A C T I C E S A N D
method of lie-detection already being outside the laboratory. emerging; for example the USA’s ‘US-VISIT’ T E C H N O L O G I C A L I N N O V A T I O N S F R O M L E A D I N G I N T E R N A T I O N A L E X P E R T S
used by the insurance industry as one of Similarly, ear shape recognition is still programme uses a combination of different
several fraud detection methods to in its early infancy. It is based on the biometric methods. Worldwide though, and
counter bogus claims made over the distinctive shape of each person’s ears there is no uniformity. Often there is little
) F Y O U W A N T T O M E E T E N T R E P R E N E U R S A N D S I G N I l C A N T L Y B R O A D E N Y O U R C U S T O M E R B A S E I N T H E
telephone. It is also used in the USA by and the structure of the projecting uniformity within an individual nation’s G L O B A L S E C U R I T Y A N D C O U N T E R
T E R R O R I S M I N D U S T R Y
both the FBI and CIA. Beyond lie- portion of the outer ear. In some approach to biometry, with different
detection however, it could have laboratory tests, ear shape recognition departments using varying solutions. For the
important biometric capabilities for the has proven to be more than 99% time being, biometric technologies will
) F Y O U W A N T T O P A R T I C I P A T E I N D I S C U S S I O N S A N D P R O F E S S I O N A L W O R K S H O P S O N T H E M O S T
aviation security industry, and could be accurate. In future, this technology could continue to be implemented alone rather than A D V A N C E D A N D P E R T I N E N T T O P I C S I N M O D E R N C O U N T E R
T E R R O R I S M
used to screen for intent. be used to identify people from CCTV in conjunction with others. A more unified
For example, one solution known as footage, using smart camera systems or approach is needed in future though if we are
layered voice analysis (LVA) technology even incorporated into telephones to to remain one step ahead of the terrorist.
) F Y O U W A N T T O W I D E N A N D D I V E R S I F Y Y O U R G L O B A L N E T W O R K O F P R O F E S S I O N A L R E L A T I O N S H I P S I N
detects and measures the emotional identify the caller.
T H E l E L D O F C O U N T E R
T E R R O R I S M
content of human speech, captured live Nail bed identification technology depends The author is a freelance multi-media
or extracted from recorded audio. LVA on the measurement of ridges in the journalist based in Cardiff, Wales. An
identifies various types of stress, epidermal structure directly under each experienced radio and television reporter,
4 H E N Y O U C A N N O T A F F O R D T O M I S S T H E 7 O R L D 3 U M M I T O N # O U N T E R
4 E R R O R I S M
cognitive processes and emotional fingernail, and in the inner surface of the nail she is also a talented DV Director, producer
) # 4 S T H ! N N U A L ) N T E R N A T I O N A L # O N F E R E N C E
reactions which together comprise the (the keratin). This is supposedly unique to the and writer. Siriol spent six years with the
‘emotional signature’ of an individual at a individual. Advocates envisage that the BBC as a reporter and video journalist.
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& O R A D D I T I O N A L I N F O R M A T I O N A N D R E G I S T R A T I O N V I S I T O U R W E B S I T E W W W I C T O R G I L
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