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Explosive Detection
Some other security devices (mostly in characteristic frequencies. A molecule solvents may also be analysed by first
development) that can analyse contained which is exposed to infrared rays absorbs separating the mixture into its
liquids rely on methods like radio-wave and infrared energy at frequencies which are components by gas chromatography, and
microwave bombardment, which have their characteristic to that molecule. During then analysing each component by FTIR.
own shortcomings. There are also pieces of FTIR analysis, a spot on the specimen is
software that work in conjunction with X-ray subjected to a modulated IR beam. The
machines to analyse substances pixel by specimen's transmittance and Raman Spectroscopy
pixel and alert personnel when the analysis reflectance of the infrared rays at Raman spectroscopy marks a notable
of an object in a carry-on bag has the "pixel different frequencies is translated into an advance in field-deployable analytical
signature" of an explosive material. IR absorption plot consisting of reverse instruments used for materials
peaks. The resulting FTIR spectral identification. It involves bouncing a
pattern is then analysed and matched laser beam off an object - a plastic
Fourier Transform Infrared with known signatures of identified bottle containing a liquid or a toiletry
(FTIR) materials in the FTIR library. case holding an unknown, solid mass.
Two of the widely adopted technologies Unlike Scanning Electron Microscopy The scattered laser light bounces back
for identification of unknown solids and (SEM) inspection or Energy Dispersive X- to the device, where it is analysed.
liquids are Raman and FTIR ray (EDX) analysis, FTIR spectroscopy Since every type of substance,
spectroscopy. The strength with which a does not require a vacuum, since neither explosive or otherwise, has its own
substance responds to each technology oxygen nor nitrogen absorbs infrared unique molecular properties, it scatters
is dictated by its unique molecular rays. FTIR analysis can be applied to light in a unique way.
structure, with some responding well to minute quantities of solid, liquid, or Most of the scattered light is on the
FTIR analysis, and others better suited gaseous materials. When the library of same wavelength as the incident light,
to Raman. FTIR spectral patterns does not provide but some is scattered at a different
FTIR is a failure analysis technique an acceptable match, individual peaks in wavelength. This inelastically scattered
which provides information about the the FTIR plot may be used to yield partial light is called Raman scatter. It results
chemical bonding or molecular structure information about the specimen. Single from the molecule changing its molecular
of organic or inorganic materials. The fibres or particles are sufficient for motions. As several different Raman
technique exploits the fact that bonds material identification through FTIR shifted signals will often be observed,
and groups of bonds vibrate at analysis. Organic contaminants in each being associated with different
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Aviationsecurityinternational August 2009
www.asi-mag.com 19
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